Efficacy of cannabidiol in the treatment of convulsions and diseases of the central nervous system: systematic review
Abstract
The therapies used to treat central nervous system diseases are complex and most of them have many adverse effects, leading the pharmaceutical industry to research new substances and produce drugs that are more effective and less aggressive to the patient. This research studied the efficacy of cannabidiol in the treatment of epilepsy convulsions and other diseases of the central nervous system. The method adopted was a qualitative exploratory research, carried out through active search in the PUBMED, LILACS, SCIELO databases and in official sites such as ANVISA, Brazilian League of Epilepsy and among others, addressing epilepsy, cannabidiol and convulsions. The results showed that, of the articles selected, all agree that cannabidiol (CBD) has anticonvulsive action in epilepsy. However, there was disagreement as to the mechanisms of action and safety in the use. Of these, some explain their agonist properties at 5-HT 1A receptors and point to CBD as activating element of type 1 vanilloid receptor. Most works express the need to elucidate their functioning in the body. The therapeutic properties of CBD need further research to: increase knowledge about this substance, identify its therapeutic window and better understand its mechanism of action in the treatment of neurological diseases. Induce greater safety of administration of the drug for patients and prescribers.
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References
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Passos, C. S., Arbo, M. D., Rates, S. M. K. & Poser, G. L. V. (2009). Terpenóides com atividade sobre o Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC). Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 19(1), 140-149. doi: 10.1590/S0102-695X2009000100024
Porto, L. A., Siqueira, J. S., Seixas, L. N., Almeida, J. R. G. S. & Quintans-Junior, L. J. (2007). O papel dos Canais Iônicos nas Epilepsias e Considerações Sobre as Drogas Antiepilépticas: uma breve revisão. Journal Epilepsy Clin. Neurophysiology, 13(4), 169-175. doi: 10.1590/S1676-26492007000400005
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Rosenberg, E. C., Tsien, R. W., Whalley, B. J. & Devinsky, O. (2015). Cannabinoids and epilepsy. Neurotherapeutics, 12(4), 747-768. doi: 10.1007/s13311-015-0375-5
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Schier, A. R. M., Ribeiro, N. P. O., Silva, A. C. O., Hallak, J. E. C., Crippa, J. A. S., Nardi, A. E. & Zuardi, A. W. (2012). Canabidiol, um componente da Cannabis sativa, como um ansiolítico. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 34(1), 104-117. doi: 10.1590/S1516-44462012000500008
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Szaflarski, J. P., Bebin, E. M., Comi, A. M., Patel, A. D., Joshi, C., Checkets, D., Beal, ... Wechsle, R. (2018). Long-term safety and treatment effects of cannabidiol in children and adults with treatment-resistant epilepsies, Expanded access program results, Epilepsia, 59, 1540-1548. doi: 10.1111/epi.14477
Szaflarski, J. P., Bebin, E. M., Cutter, G., DeWolfe, J., Dure, L. S., Gaston, T. E., ... Hoef, L. W. V. (2018). Cannabidiol improves frequency and severity of seizures and reduces adverse events in an open-label add-on prospective study. Epilepsy and behavior, 87, 131-136. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.07.020
Trigo, J. M., Lagzdins, D., Rehm, J., Selby, P., Gamaleddin, I., Fischer, B., ... Foll, B. L. (2016). Effects of fixed or self-titrated dosages of Sativex on cannabis users. Drug Alcohol Depend, 161(1), 298-306. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.02.020
Aspesi, N. V. & Perla, A. S. Epilepsia, convulsão e ataque epiléptico. Recuperado de: https://www.abcdasaude.com.br/neurologia/epilepsiaconvulsao-ataque-epileptico.
Bonfá, L., Vinagre, R. C. O. & Figueredo, N. V. (2008). Uso de Canabinóides na Dor Crônica e em Cuidados Paliativos. Revista Brasileira Anestesiologia, 58(3), 267-279. doi: 10.1590/S0034-70942008000300010
Brucki, S. M. D., Frota, N. A., Schestatsky, P., Souza, A. H., Carvalho, V. N., Manreza, M.L.G., ... Jurno, M. E. (2015). Canabinoides e seu uso em neurologia. Arquivos Neuro-Psiquiatria, 73(4), 371-374. doi: 10.1590/0004-282X20150041
Casa da ciência, (2015). Os canabinóides e seu cérebro. Hemocentro de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP-USP. Recuperado de: ead.hemocentro.fmrp.usp.br/joomla/index.php/noticias/adotepauta/639-os-canabinoides-e-seu-cerebro.
Crippa, J. A., Lacerda, A. L. T., Amaro, E., Busatto-Filho, G., Zuardi, A. W. & Bressan, R. A. (2005). Efeitos cerebrais da maconha: resultados dos estudos de neuroimagem. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 27(1), 70-78. doi: 10.1590/S1516-44462005000100016
Devinsky, O., Cilio, M. R., Cross, H., Fernandez-Ruiz, J., French, J., Hill, C., ... Friedman, D. (2014). Cannabidiol: Pharmacology and potential therapeutic role in epilepsy and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Wiley periodicals, 55(6), 791-802. doi: 10.1111/epi.12631
Fagherazzi, E. V. (2011). Uso do Canabidiol como protetor contra disfunções cognitivas associadas ao acúmulo de ferro cerebral em ratos Wistar (Dissertação de Mestrado). Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul de Biociências, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.
Fusar-Poli, P., Crippa, J. A., Bhattacharyya, S., Borgwardt, S. J., Allen, P. & Martin-Santos, R. (2009). Distinct Effects of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol on Neural Activation During Emotional Processing. Archives of general Psychiatry, 66(1), 95-105. doi: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2008.519
Hindocha, C., Freeman, T. P., Schafer, G., Gardener, C., Das, R. K., Morgan, C. J. & Curran, H. V. (2015). Efeitos agudos do delta-9-tetrahidrocannabinol, canabidiol e sua combinação no reconhecimento da emoção facial: Estudo randomizado, duplo-cego, controlado por placebo em usuários de Cannabis. European Neuropsychopharmacol, 25(3), 325-334. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.11.014.
Honório, K. M., Arroio, A. & Silva, A. B. F. (2005). Aspectos terapêuticos de compostos da planta Cannabis sativa. Química Nova, 29(2), 318-325. doi: 10.1590/S0100-40422006000200024
Karschner, E. L., Darwin, W. D., McMahon, R. P., Liu, F., Wright, S., Goodwin, R. S., Huestis, M. A. (2011). Subjective and Physiological Effects After Controlled Sativex and Oral THC Administration. Clinical pharmacology e therapeutics, 89(3), 400-407. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2010.318
Lukhele, S. T. & Motadi, L. R. (2016). Cannabidiol rather than Cannabis sativa extracts inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 16(1), 335. doi: 10.1186/s12906-016-1280-0
Manini, A. F., Yiannoulos, G., Bergamaschi, M. M., Hernandez, S., Olmedo, R., Barnes, ... Hurd, Y. L. (2015). Safety and pharmacokinetics of oral cannabidiol when administered concomitantly with intravenous fentanyl in humans. Journal of Addiction Medicine, 9(3), 204-210. doi: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000000118
McCoy, B., Wang, L., Zak, M., Al-Mehmadi, S., Kabir, N., Alhadid, K., ... Snead III, O. C. (2018). A prospective open-label trial of a CBD/THC cannabis oil in dravet syndrome. Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, 5, 1077-1088. doi: 10.1002/acn3.621
Passos, C. S., Arbo, M. D., Rates, S. M. K. & Poser, G. L. V. (2009). Terpenóides com atividade sobre o Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC). Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 19(1), 140-149. doi: 10.1590/S0102-695X2009000100024
Porto, L. A., Siqueira, J. S., Seixas, L. N., Almeida, J. R. G. S. & Quintans-Junior, L. J. (2007). O papel dos Canais Iônicos nas Epilepsias e Considerações Sobre as Drogas Antiepilépticas: uma breve revisão. Journal Epilepsy Clin. Neurophysiology, 13(4), 169-175. doi: 10.1590/S1676-26492007000400005
Reddy, D. S. & Golub, V. M. (2016). The pharmacological basis of cannabis therapy for epilepsy. The journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 357, 45-55. doi: 10.1124/jpet.115.230151
Rosenberg, E. C., Tsien, R. W., Whalley, B. J. & Devinsky, O. (2015). Cannabinoids and epilepsy. Neurotherapeutics, 12(4), 747-768. doi: 10.1007/s13311-015-0375-5
Rosenberg, E. C., Louik, J., Conway, E., Devinsky, O. & Friedman, D. (2017). Quality of life of childhood epilepsy on pediatric enrolled in a prospective, open-label clinical study with cannabidiol. Official journal of the international league against epilepsy, 58(8), 96-100. doi: 10.1111/epi.13815
Schier, A. R. M., Ribeiro, N. P. O., Silva, A. C. O., Hallak, J. E. C., Crippa, J. A. S., Nardi, A. E. & Zuardi, A. W. (2012). Canabidiol, um componente da Cannabis sativa, como um ansiolítico. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 34(1), 104-117. doi: 10.1590/S1516-44462012000500008
Suraev, A., Lintzeris, N., Stuart, J., Kevin, R. C., Blackburn, R., Richards, ... McGregor, I. S. (2018). Composition and use of cannabis extracts for childhood epilepsy in the australian community. Scientific Reports, 8, 10154. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28127-0
Szaflarski, J. P., Bebin, E. M., Comi, A. M., Patel, A. D., Joshi, C., Checkets, D., Beal, ... Wechsle, R. (2018). Long-term safety and treatment effects of cannabidiol in children and adults with treatment-resistant epilepsies, Expanded access program results, Epilepsia, 59, 1540-1548. doi: 10.1111/epi.14477
Szaflarski, J. P., Bebin, E. M., Cutter, G., DeWolfe, J., Dure, L. S., Gaston, T. E., ... Hoef, L. W. V. (2018). Cannabidiol improves frequency and severity of seizures and reduces adverse events in an open-label add-on prospective study. Epilepsy and behavior, 87, 131-136. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.07.020
Trigo, J. M., Lagzdins, D., Rehm, J., Selby, P., Gamaleddin, I., Fischer, B., ... Foll, B. L. (2016). Effects of fixed or self-titrated dosages of Sativex on cannabis users. Drug Alcohol Depend, 161(1), 298-306. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.02.020
Published
2019-01-02
How to Cite
SANTOS, Arnóbio Barros; SCHERF, Jackelyne Roberta; MENDES, Rafael de Carvalho.
Efficacy of cannabidiol in the treatment of convulsions and diseases of the central nervous system: systematic review.
Acta Brasiliensis, [S.l.], v. 3, n. 1, p. 30-34, jan. 2019.
ISSN 2526-4338.
Available at: <http://www.revistas.ufcg.edu.br/ActaBra/index.php/actabra/article/view/131>. Date accessed: 14 may 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.22571/2526-4338131.
Section
Review
